Comparison Study of Transarterial Chemoembolization and Percutaneous Ethanol Injection for Multiple, Small HCCs

The purpose of this study is to choose the preferred treatment modality for multiple, small hepatocellular carcinomas.

To compare the below things between PEIT group and TACE group

1. Survival

   1. 5 year overall survival rate
   2. Disease free survival rate
2. Recurrence a. recurrence rate

• Procedure: Transarterial chemoembolization
  lipiodol, adriamycin and/or mitomycin
  Other Name: TACE
• Procedure: Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy
  99% ethanol 2-4cc per one session, two to three sessions per single procedure for one week
  Other Name: PEIT

• Active Comparator: chemotherapy
  Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)
  Intervention: Procedure: Transarterial chemoembolization
• Active Comparator: ethanol
  Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT)
  Intervention: Procedure: Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy

Inclusion Criteria:

• The evidences of HBV(+) &/or HCV(+) infection or liver cirrhosis
• Two to three tumor nodules with Child-Pugh classification A or single to three tumor nodules with Child-Pugh classification B
• The maximal, longest diameter of tumor mass measured by CT finding should be less than 2 cm.
• 1) Only for newly detected HCCs which were not treated before or 2) If treated before, it should be noted that there is no evidence of recurrence within the latest 6 months and, and also it should be remotely recurred more than 2cm apart from primary lesion.
• It should be compatible with the typical findings of HCCs radiologically(MD CT or dynamic MRI)

Exclusion Criteria:

• In case of hepatic vein or portal vein invasion radiologically(CT or MRI)